Fastener element and method of producing it



May 16, 1939. T. s. MILLER 2,158,078

FASTENER ELEMENT AND METHOD OF PRODUCING IT Original Filed June 1, 1934Patented May 16, 1939 PATENT OFFICE FAETENEE ELEMENT AND METHOD OFPRODUCING IT Thomas G. Miller, McDonald, Pa.

application June 1, 1934, Serial No. 728,555 mnewcd November 10, 1938 30Claims.

This invention pertains to interlocking fastener elements and to methodsof producing them.

In one aspect my invention deals with the production of fastenerassemblies which may be employed to quickly associate and dissociateopposite and/or adjacent edges of somewhat flexible materials such asfabrics, rubbers, cloths,.leathers, weaves. etc.

In another aspect my invention is concerned with the quantity productionof elements such as are suitable for employment as clasp or fastenersand/or such as may be used in connection withclasps or fasteners.

In view of the ever increasing popularity of socalled interlockingfasteners, the question of speeding-up and/or simplifying theirproduction and/or assembly is of major importance.

And, it has been an object of my invention to devise new and effectiveprocedure for the production of clasps or fasteners and other elementsadapted to be employed in connection therewith.

Another object of my invention has been the provision of improved formsof fastener element relationships and/or forms of indhdduel elements.

A further object of my invention has been the provision of improvedprocedure for the forming and/r assembling of fastener elements.

These and many other objects of my invention will appear to thoseskilled in the art from the following description as considered in viewof the accompanying drawing and the claims submitted, in which:

Figure 1 is a front perspective view of a longitudinal piece from whichfastener elements may be provided, and illustrates a. procedure.

Fig. 2 is a view somewhat similar to that of Fig. 1, but showing a,formed fastener element.

Fig. 3 is a front perspective view in elevation showing a connectedpiece of elements.

Fig. 4 is a front perspective view in elevation showing a modified formof connected element piece.

Fig. 5 is a front view in elevation showing a partially formed elementstrip having a thickness corresponding to that of a finished element.This view illustrates a procedure for the production of elements.

illustrated in Fig. 5, may be assembled in a spaced (CL 2914B)relationship for grouped work in connection therewith.

Fig. 8 is a view somewhat similar to Figure 6, but omitting certaindetails of that figure and showing cords and carriers in an associatedand 5 mounted relationship with respect to aligned elements of adjacentstrips of the group.

Fig. 9 is a view partially in section and somewhat similar to Figure 6.but showing a. method of severing aplurality of aligned elements of ad-10 iacent strips of the group.

Fig. 10 is a. front perspective view of an at least partially formedblock-like piece of material from which separate strips. separate bars,and/or sepparste elements may be obtained. This view suggests proceduresfor the production of the elements.

Fig. 11 is a front perspective view somewhat similar to that of Figure10, but showing a modifled form of element structure.

Fig. 12 is 9. front perspective view of an element strip taken from thepiece of Fig. 11, and illustrates a step in a procedure; Figs. 1, 2, 3,and 4 may illustrate steps in other procedure as applied to Figs. 16 andll.

Fig. 13 is a side view in elevation of a. movable cutting apparatus thatmay be employed to sever elements.

And, Fig. 14 is a i'ragmcntal plan view illustrating fastener elementsof the type shown in Fig. 2 in place on a carrier assembly.

I have found, that for many purposes, and particularly forafter-treating fastener elements and/or for mounting them upon suitablecords and carriers. that it is advantageous to, as long as possible oradvisable, retain the individual elements in a connected relationshipwith respect to each other.

In Figs. 1 to 4, inclusive. I have shown new forms of elements and howthey may be connected together to provide unitary, somewhat bar-likepieces.

I have developed a new and simplified form of fastener element 20 whichhas clamping legs or jaws 2i and the usual recess 22 terminating in anaperture 23. Interlocking portions lie adjacent the top edge of theelement 20 and include on extending ledge 24 that inclines outwardlyfrom a face thereof, and also, a. depression. 2! that inclines upwardlyfrom an opposite face thereof. It should be noted that the slope orinclination of the portions -25 is exaggerated in the drawing for thepurpose of clearer illustration.

Due to the simplicity of outline of the element 20, it may be veryeifectively employed to close a pair of adjacent carriers 41 (see Fig.14); it is very easily and simply produced by the very operation whichsevers the element from a bar or piece of adjacent elements I! (see Fig.1).

In other words, I have made possible the production of individualfastener elements from bars and similar pieces without after-formingsuitable interlocking portions thereon when severance has beenaccomplished. More particularly, I have made possible the forming ofinterlocking portions upon fastener elements by a severing operation oroperations.

Figure 5 indicates a very economical arrangement of fasteners 40connected together in the form or a strip 38. As shown, the usualrecesses 42, apertures 43,-clamping legs or Jaws 4|, and interlockinglug and socket portions 44-45 may be provided by advancing the strip 39in such a manner that it occupies desired successive positions withrelation to the dies of a suitable press or forming machine. The upsidedown or reversed elements 40 may be formed when the other elements areformed, or may be separately formed by reversing the piece 19 andpassing it back through the machine.

Although the dotted lines of the various figures are employed forillustratively showing lines 0! severance between elements, yet, theymay be employed to indicate some suitable form of indicating lines ofseverance to an operator or to suitable gauging parts of the machine.

The elements 40, as shown in Figure 5, are alternately reversed in sucha manner that the side edges of an element are complementary with theside edges of an adjacent reversed element. That is, taken transversely,the top and bottom longitudinally extending edges of the strip 38alternately provide the base of an element and the top or apex 01' anadjacent element. Thus, each top and bottom edge of the strip becomesthe top of a plurality of spaced elements, as-well as the bottom of aplurality of spaced elements.

Although I have for the purpose of illustration, shown the elements 20in an abutting relationship ln Figure 5, yet they may be held in aspaced relationship by suitably positioned connecting portions or lugs46 (see Figure 6). It will appear that the relationship shown in Figure5 is very economical of material and minimizes waste.

It has been customary to in some manner slope the side edges 01' theindividual elements towards the locking ends thereof. This simplifiesthe construction and operation of a slider 49, such as shown in Fig. 14.However, I have further taken advantage 01' this particular dimensionrelationship of the individual elements, in order to make possible theultimate utilization oi the portions of a strip, and in order tominimize the wastage of such material. Of course, the inventive featuresof my disclosure may be applied to any other suitable form of element.

11, as contemplated, the upwardly and downwardly lacing elements 40 ofthe strip 39 are partially formed while in a strip relationship withrespect to each other, then, they may be assembled upon suitablecarriers and cords prior to severance.

By providing a plurality of alternately reversed and interconnectedelements 40 that are. at least initially. maintained ln'a' unitary stripform, a number of strips may be suitably grouped for further processing,assembling, and/or severing oi the elements (see Figures 7, 8, and 9).As seen, a strip 39 is heldin a transverse relationassembled upon acarrier, such as 41.

ship with respect to other strips, and is preferably spaced with respectto the others a distance which corresponds to the mounted distancebetween adjacent elements upon one side, 41, of a fastener assembly suchas shown in Fig. 14. Spacers or washers (not shown) may be employed asillustrated in Nodine Patent No. 1,890,- 335, entitled separablefastener and method of making same. As seen, the carriers 41 may beemployed in combination with a suitable cord structure such as 48.

However, it should be understood, that the means for supporting thestrips of elements 38 in a grouped relationship, such as shown in Fig.7; are employed for the purpose of illustration. Thus, if the strips areof short lengths, they may be held in the manner shown in Fig. 7, but ifof longer lengths, they may be held in the form of a spiral or coilwhose turns are spaced from each other. Each strip or spiral ofelements39 may be grouped with respect to adjacent spirals or socalled turns ofa coil in the manner suggested in Figs. 7, 8, and 9.

In the operation of assembling the elements on suitable carriers 41, thestrips are preferably maintained intact until a carrier element isassociated with each individual fastener element 40.

I contemplate positioning carrier elements 41 within the recesses 42 andthe central apertures 43 from opposite sides of the group of strips 39.Of course, it will appear that this has been made possible by thealternately reversed relationship between the individual elements 40 ofeach strip.

After suitable cords such as 48, (see Fig. 8) and their associatedcarriers 41 have been threaded through the recesses and apertures of atransverse line of elements of a plurality of longitudinally extendingstrips, any suitable means may be employed to press the strips together(preferably adjacent opposite ends thereof) in order to close or lockthe leg portions 4i upon the cord and carrier elements 48 and 41. If itis desired, the elements may be severed while held in such a groupedrelationship. Fig. 8 illustrates a method of accomplishing this. Asseen, the elements may be held between upper and lower clamping bars orrods 52 and 5!, respectively, which may be positioned by slotted crossclamps or beams 53 and 54, and held together by suitable removable bolts55 (see Fig ure 7).

I may simultaneously sever both sides of one element, such as 20, seeFig. 9, of a strip or of a plurality of strips 39, as well as theadjacent sides of adjacent elements of the strip or strips, by employinga set or pair of cutting jaws, saws, dies, or shears and GI, which arepreferably inclinedly mounted to converge slightly towards each other ata cutting plane thereof. Thus, as appears from Fig, 9, the cuttingblades 60 and ii may be moved downwardly along the dot-indicated linesto sever one or more elements of a transverse line of elements. Theblades 60 and BI may be moved transversely to complete the severance ofa line of elements which have been However, a plurality of elements-maybe simultaneously severed or individually severed as desired.

In Fig. 13, I have diagrammatically shown a punch gate 60 having one ormore inclined cutting blades Bi which may cooperate with table 62 to cutoil a full transverse line of elements. If this later type of blade isemployed, the table 62 may be substituted for either the upper beams 52or the lower beams 5i (see Fig. 7) or for both.

a,1ss,ove 3 However, my invention is not limited to any particular typeor method of severing the elements. For example, a plurality oftransverse lines of elements may be simultaneously severed by providinga plurality of pairs of cutting blades.

7 In order that the elements may be readily severed while being rigidlyheld, and may be out without undesirably breaking off before a severanceis completed, I have shown a form of supporting and positioningstructure which, as above mentioned, includes upper transverselyextending positioning members 51, whose bases may substantiallycorrespond in width to the width of the top or an'element to be severed,and whose sides are sloped in a converging manner therefrom, in orderthat the cutting blades may be freely moved into and out of a cuttingrelationship. However, if the elements are severed from the top asmentioned above, the lower transversely extending support bars Ii neednot be inclined. As seen, however, their thickness may substantiallycorrespond to the thickness of the top of an element to be severed. But,of course, the bars ii and 52 may be positioned to support the strips inany other suitable manner, as for example, adjacent the base of theelements to be severed.

Thus, I contemplate the supporting of a plurality of strips of elementsin a grouped relationship by supporting the top and bottom edges ofthose strips.

If the elements of each strip are supported at their apices or tops asshown, the severing operation for both sides of each element can besimultaneously accomplished and there will be little or no tendency topull, twist or tear the element in the cutting operation. This, initself, is a novel feature of my invention.

Previous to the present invention, it has been impractical tomanufacture fastener elements from a heavy block, bar, or rod ofmaterial. That is, the employment of strips in the manufacture offastener elements has been the rule rather than the exception. Although,as'seen from Fig. l, the recess portion 22 and the aperture portion 23,as well as the sides, top and the clamping legs 2| of the elements maybe formed while the elements are still in a bar-like relationship withrespect to each other, it has been impossible to form interlockingportions such as 44-48, see Fig. 5. In other words, it has beennecessary to sever the elements and then to form these interlockingportions. However, I have been able to form the interlocking portions24-2! of the type of elements shown in Fig. 2- by the slicing orsevering operation, itself. See particularly the disclosure of myco-pending application having Serial No. 48,420, filed on November 5,1935.

As shown from the dotted lines of Figure l, a cutting blade may beentered upon the piece it in the vicinity of what is to constitute thebase portion of an element to be severed, and a shear or cut is thenpreferably made in a substantially straight line transversely of thepiece up to a proposed bottom limit of an interlocking shelf or ledge24. Thence, above, a blade is entered upon the piece in the vicinity ofwhat is to constitute the top portion of elements severed, and a shearor cut is then made in a. backwardly or forwardly inclined direction tocomplete the severance of the element 20.

or simultaneously with the 24, or as shown in Fig. 4, another portion Ilmay be left between elements in order to connect and support them.

It will appear from Fig. 3 that an inclined out along the dotted linesindicated will simultaneously finally sever the elements 20 and forminterlocking portions 24 therefor. Thus, the elements to maybe held inthis spaced and connected relationship during certain steps in theforming procedure, such as a coloring of the elements and/or a mountingof the elements upon a cord and carrier combination 41-48.

The aperture 23 and the recesses 22 are preferably cut or drilled outprior to a severance of individual elements 20. It is advantageous toeither provide a bar, rod, or piece l9, whose outer dimensionssubstantially conform to the desired edge dimensions of the individualelements, or to process the piece to the desired form prior to acomplete and/or partial severance of individual elements 20.

By retaining the individual elements 20 in a connected relationship, Ipreferably mount a longitudinal line or bar of such'elements upon asingle carrier and cord combination 41-48 (such as shown in Fig. 14), bymerely inserting the combination, and then, pressing the legs 2| of theelements together to clamp it in place. The thickness of the out betweenelements is preferably made to correspond to the spacing betweenelements of one side of a fastener assembly such as 41 of Fig. 14. Thus,a severance along the connecting tops 24 of Fig. 3, or along theconnecting base corners 26 of Fig. 4, will leave a plurality ofindividual elements 20 mounted upon one carrier 41 and forming one sideof an assem bly such as shown in Fig. 14. Of course, the elements 20 maybe completely severed and then assembled as desired.

However, if desirable, suitable lug and socket forms of interlockingportions (such as lugs 44 of Figure 5 and sockets 45 of Figure 6) may beformed or stamped upon the opposite side faces of the elements 20 whilethey are maintained in the spaced and connected relationship of Fig. 4.In this connection, the lugs 44-45 may be mounted upon the portions24-25 of an element 20, or the element may be formed with planar faceportions, such as shown in Figs. 5 and 6, and the interlocking portions44-45 formed thereon. Thus, when it is necessary or desirable to preventa sidewise movement of interlocking elements 20, the above lugconstruction 44-45 may be employed, or the manner of forming theportions 24-25 set forth in my co-pending application Serial No. 48,420,filed on November 5, 1935, may be employed.

It will thus appear that in accordance with the procedure lastenumerated above, the individual elements 20 of One piece is, or of aconnected row of elements, form the spaced and adjacent elements of oneside of a stringer assembly, while in another procedure a transverseline of elements from a plurality of strips 39 (see Fig. 5) may bemounted upon the same carrier elements 41-4! (see Figs. 8 and 9).

In Figs. l0, l1, and 12, I have illustratlvely shown how blocks orrectangular pieces are employed to form a plurality of strips ofelements, bars of combinations thereof.

As shown in Fig. 10, a rectangular or block-like piece of material I1 ispreferably partially formed by cutting, drilling, or stamping outrecesses 42 and apertures 43 which correspond to elements, individualelements, and/or' the carrier or stringer receiving portions of aplurality of elements 40. As seen, a plurality of strips are severedalong the transverse lines indicated or a plurality of bars are severedalong the longitudinal lines indicated. Of course, the recess andapertured portions 42 and 43 may be formed after strips 39' and/or barsI9 are severed from the block I1.

If strips 39' are provided by severing along the transverse linesindicated, suitable interlocking lug and socket portions 44 and 45 (seeFigs. 5 and 6) may be stamped thereupon, the strips are then grouped insuch a relationship as indicatedin Figs. 7 to 9, inclusive, and thence.further treated and/or assembledupon suitable carriers. After this, ofcourse, the individual elements 40 may be severed from their strips.

If, however, it is deemed advisable to sever a bar I 9' of elementsalong the longitudinal lines indicated, the individual elements may befurther formed while in such relationship and partially severed in amanner such as suggested in Figs. 1, 3, and 4, and thence, mounted upona suitable carrier 41. Interlocking portions such as 24 and 25 (see Fig.2) or such as 44 and 45 (see Figs. 5 and 6) may be provided. of course,severance would follow as previously suggested.

In Fig. 11, I have shown a somewhat modified form of block or piece I?from which a plurality of elements facing on the same side or base maybe formed. In this construction. cutting and/or drilling members may beutilized to form suitable carrier-element-receiving recesses andapertures 22 and 23, and also to cut out and form the inclined sideedges of the adjacent elements. As appears, the side edges are notcompletely severed, but a connecting link 25' is left therebetween.However, they may be completely severed in this I have further providedprocedure by which one or more bar-like pieces may be readily employedcarrier 41 of an assembly (see Figs. 3 and 14). I have also madepossible the forming of fastener elements by a cutting or severingoperation, itself (see Figs. 1 to 4, inclusive).

Further, as shown in Figs. 11 and 12, a single block or piece of metalmay be employed to form a plurality of elements by a plurality ofprocedures. That is, the strips may be severed along the transverselines indicated and retained in strip form, in order to assemble theelements upon carriers in such a manner as illustrated in Figs. 7 to 9,inclusive, or

in Figs. 1 to 4, inclusive, and Fig. 14.

While I have described what I now consider to be preferable proceduresfor producing interlocking fasteners of types such as hereinillustrated, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that someoi the steps herein described may be somewhat modified, some may beomitted, and others tener elements from 8. steps of at least partiallyforming the piece in added, and that variations in the order of thesteps herein described may be made without departing from the spirit andscope of my invention as defined by the following claims.

What I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent is:

correspond to the bases of a plurality of alternately reversed elements,and severing a plurality of alternately reversed elements from thepiece.

2. In a method of assembling a plurality of elements upon a plurality ofcarriers, the steps of grouping a plurality of strips of complementaryelements in a transversely spaced and aligned relationship with respectto each other, associating a carrier with each element of the strip ofthe group, and simultaneously severing both sides of each element fromits respective strip.

3. In a method of producing interlocking faspiece of material, the

accordance with the desired form of individual elements in such a manneras to provide a plurality of interconnected element pieces and that eachelement piece has a plurality of converted elements, and thence,completing the forming of individual elements.

4. In a method of producing fastener elements from a longitudinal pieceof material, the steps of at least partially forming a plurality oflongitudinal lines of elements while maintaining them in a unitary form,each element or a longitudinal line having lateral i'aces lying oppositeto lateral faces of the other elements of the line. assembling theelements on carrier members and severing individual elements from thepiece.

5. In a method of producing a plurality of interlocking fastenerelements from a block-like piece of material. the steps of at leastpartially forming the block to correspond to a plurality of lines 01'connected elements, and thence, severing a plurality oi connectedelement pieces from the block-like piece.

6. In a method of producing interlocking fastener elements from ablock-like piece of material, the steps of preliminarily laying out aplurality of longitudinal lines of interconnected elements in such amanner that adjacent elements have a reversed relationship with respectto each other, forming carrier recesses upon opposite sides of the piecealong lines corresponding to i the bases of a plurality of longitudinallines of elements, and thence severing a plurality of interconnectedstrips or elements from the piece.

7. In a method of producing interlocking fastener elements from abl0ck-like piece of material, the steps of preliminarily laying out aplurality of longitudinal lines of interconnected elements in such amanner that adjacent elements have a reversed relationship with respectto each other, forming carrier recesses upon opposite sides of the piecealong lines corresponding to the bases of a plurality of longitudinallines of elements, and thence severing a plurality of interconnectedelements from the piece.

8. In a method of producing interlocking fastener elements from ablock-like piece of material, the steps 01' preliminarily laying out aplurality of longitudinal lines of interconnected elements in such amanner that adjacent elements have a reversed relationship with respectto each other,

forming carrier recesses upon opposite sides of the piece along linescorresponding to the bases of a plurality of longitudinal lines ofelements, severing a plurality of connected elements from the piece,forming interlocking portions upon the elements and thence mounting theelements upon carriers. I

9. In a method of producing interlocking fastener elements from ablock-like piece of material, the steps of preliminarily laying out aplurality of lines of interconnected elements, forming carrier recessesfrom a side of the piece along lines corresponding to the bases of aplurality of longitudinal lines of elements, severing a plurality oflongitudinal bars of adjacent elements from the piece, at leastpartially severing individual elements from each longitudinal bar, andmounting the elements of a longitudinal bar upon a carrier.

10. In a method of assembling a plurality of elements on a carrier, thesteps of grouping a plurality of lines of elements and reversed elementsin a transversely alined relation with respect to each other,associating a carrier with an element of a plurality of lines of thegroup, and associating a carrier with a reversed element of a pluralityof lines of the group.

11. In a method of assembling a plurality of elements on carriers, thesteps of grouping a plurality of longitudinal lines of elements in atransversely alined relation with each other, associating a carrier withan element of a plurality of the longitudinal lines of the group fromone side of the group and associating a carrier with an element of aplurality of the longitudinal lines of the group from an opposite sideof the group.

12. In a method of assembling a plurality of elements on carriers, thesteps of forming carrier recesses from one side of a strip of elementsand forming carrier recesses from an opposite side of the strip in sucha manner that reversed elemerits will be provided, grouping a pluralityof the strips in a transversely alined relation with respect to eachother, associating a carrier with a plurality of strips of the groupfrom one side of the strips of the group, and associating a carri'erwith a plurality of strips of the group from an opposite side of thestrips of the group.

13. A plurality of fastener elements in an interconnected form, eachelement having a reversed relation with respect to an adjacent element,the adjacent sides of said elements being spaced from the sides ofadjacent elements, and each element being connected to an adjacentelement by 9. lug.

14. In a method of producing fastener elements from a piece of.material, the steps of laying out a plurality of elements in a connectedand reversed relation with respect to each other, and forming completeinterlocks on the reversed elements while the elements are maintalnd ina reversed relation. 7

15. A pair of connected and substantially formed fastener elements on apiece of material, said elements having formed carrier-mounting portionsand having a reversed and side-by-side relation on the piece, thelateral widthof the piece being the width of the formed elements fromtop to base portions thereof.

16. A pair of connected fastener elements on a piece of material, eachelement having a formed carrier-mounting portion, each carrier-mountingportion opening to a different surface portion of the piece.

17. In a method of assembling fastener elements on suitable carriers,the step of holding successively-adjacent elements with a carrierrecessbetween said leg portions,

receiving portion of one element extending in an opposite direction tothe carrier-receiving portion of the other element while associating acarrier with the elements.

18. In a method of assembling fastener elements on suitable carriers,the steps of holding successively-adjacent and connected elements insuch a manner that one element extends in a diflerent direction than theother, and associating a separate carrier with each element whileholding them in such a connected relationship.

19. In a method of producing fastener elements from a piece of material,the steps of forming carriebrecesses in the material atadjacentlyreversed locations therealong, and forming reversely-adjacentfastener elements in alignment with the recesses.

20. In a method of producing fastener elements from a piece of material,the steps of forming carrier-recesses in the material atadjacentlyreversed locations therealong, forming interlock portions onthe material at adiacently-reversed locations therealong and in oppositelocations with respect to the recesses, and forming reversely-adiacentfastener elements in such a manner that each element will have acarrierrecess and an interlock portion.

21. In a method of producing fastener elements from a piece of material,the steps of substantially forming a pair of connected elements from thepiece in a reversed and adjacent relationship with respect to eachother, and completing the formation of one of the elements and forming aside of an adiacent element by severing it from such adiacent element. I

22. In a method of producing fastener elements from a piece of material,the steps of at least partiaily forming adJacently-posltioned andreversely-extendlng connected elements from the material, andsimultaneously separating an element portion from adjacently-connectedelement portions by a straight line severance along each of two edges ofsuch element portion.

23. A pair of fastener elements in an interconnected form havingclamping-leg portions and carrier-receiving indentations therebetween,the sides of each element being substantially complementary with thesides of adjacent elements of the same strip, carrier-receivingindentations of adjacent elements being located on and being open toopposite sides of the strip.

24. A pair of fastener elements in an interconnected form, each elementhaving clamping leg portions adjacent a side thereof and a carrier eachelement having an interlock portion adjacent another side thereof, theclamping leg portions of one element being located adjacent a differentside of the interconnected form than the clamping leg portions of theother element of the pair, and the clamping leg portions of each elementlying along a common side plane of the form with the interlock portionof the other element of the pair.

25. Fastener elements in a longitudinal interconnected form, eachelement having a reversed relation with respect to an adjacent element,said elements having adjacent sides lying along the length of andbounded by a straight line extending laterally between opposite sides ofthe interconnected form.

26. In a method of producing fastener elements from a piece of material,the steps of forming carrier receiving indentations in and along a sideof the piece that correspond to the bases of a pair of spaced-apartelements, and forming carrier receiving indentations in and along anopposite side of the piece at staggered locations therealong withrespect to the first-mentioned side of the piece that corresponds to thebases of a reversed pair of spaced-apart elements. surface portion of afastener element and meeting 5 2'7. In a method of producing fastenerelements an edge of the piece in an acute angle.

from a piece of material. the step of forming con- 29. A pair offastener elements in an adjacentnected pairs of adjacently-positionedand re- Ly-positioned and reversely-extending relationversely-extendingfastener elements in such a ship, top and bottom portions of eachelement of manner that top and bottom portions of each elethe pairextending laterally between opposite lon- 10 ment extend laterallybetween opposite longigltudinal sides of the piece.

tudinal sides of the piece. 30. A pair of connected fastener elements ona 28. In a method of making fastener elements, piece of material, eachelement having a formed the steps of providing a length of alongitudinallycarrier mounting portion, each carrier mounting extendingpiece of material 01' a width substanportion lying on a differentsurface plane of the tially equal to a desired maximum width of afastener element. and severing fastener elements from the piece atspaced locations thereaiong by single cuts that extend completely acrossthe width of the piece, each out having a contour substantiallycorresponding to the desired shape of a piece.

THOMAS G. IMILLER.

CERTIFICATE OF CORRECTION.

Patent No. 2,158,078.

May 16, 1959.

THOMAS G MILLER.

It is hereby certified that error appears in the printed specificationof the above numbered patent requiring correction as follows: Page sec-0nd column, line 29, 012111115, for the word "converted" read connected;and that the said Letters Patent should be read with this correctiontherein that the same may conform to the record of the case in thePatent Office.

Signed and sealed this hth day of July, A. D. 1939.

Henry Van Arsdale (Seal) Acting Commissioner of Patents.

carrier receiving indentations in and along an opposite side of thepiece at staggered locations therealong with respect to thefirst-mentioned side of the piece that corresponds to the bases of areversed pair of spaced-apart elements. surface portion of a fastenerelement and meeting 5 2'7. In a method of producing fastener elements anedge of the piece in an acute angle.

from a piece of material. the step of forming con- 29. A pair offastener elements in an adjacentnected pairs of adjacently-positionedand re- Ly-positioned and reversely-extending relationversely-extendingfastener elements in such a ship, top and bottom portions of eachelement of manner that top and bottom portions of each elethe pairextending laterally between opposite lon- 10 ment extend laterallybetween opposite longigltudinal sides of the piece.

tudinal sides of the piece. 30. A pair of connected fastener elements ona 28. In a method of making fastener elements, piece of material, eachelement having a formed the steps of providing a length of alongitudinallycarrier mounting portion, each carrier mounting extendingpiece of material 01' a width substanportion lying on a differentsurface plane of the tially equal to a desired maximum width of afastener element. and severing fastener elements from the piece atspaced locations thereaiong by single cuts that extend completely acrossthe width of the piece, each out having a contour substantiallycorresponding to the desired shape of a piece.

THOMAS G. IMILLER.

CERTIFICATE OF CORRECTION.

Patent No. 2,158,078.

May 16, 1959.

THOMAS G MILLER.

It is hereby certified that error appears in the printed specificationof the above numbered patent requiring correction as follows: Page sec-0nd column, line 29, 012111115, for the word "converted" read connected;and that the said Letters Patent should be read with this correctiontherein that the same may conform to the record of the case in thePatent Office.

Signed and sealed this hth day of July, A. D. 1939.

Henry Van Arsdale (Seal) Acting Commissioner of Patents.

Patent No. 2,158,078 Granted May 16, 1939 THOMAS G. MILLER The aboveentitled patent was extended January 1, 1952, under the pr0visions ofthe act of June 30, 1950, for 7 years and 174 days from the expirationof the original term thereof.

Commissioner of Patents.

